X-rays  

Evidence  

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S187595722030173X 

Amber J. Gislason-Lee 

“The neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) hospitalises newborn babies with serious to life-threatening medical problems that demand close monitoring. X-ray imaging is crucial for diagnosis and evaluation of these ill neonates. Mobile X-ray imaging systems are positioned around the patient and the incubator as well as other life-saving equipment. This positioning of imaging equipment around the patient is a unique NICU-specific challenge which is very different from traditional radiography.” 

Education 

X-rays are commonly used in the NICU to assess the health and development of newborn babies, particularly those who are premature or critically ill.  

X-rays may be performed to check for: 

Respiratory Conditions: X-rays are commonly used to evaluate the lungs and airways of premature babies who may be at risk of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), chronic lung disease, or other respiratory conditions. These X-rays help assess lung development, detect signs of lung disease, and monitor the effectiveness of treatments such as mechanical ventilation or oxygen therapy. 

Heart Conditions: X-rays can also be used to evaluate the heart and blood vessels in newborns with congenital heart defects or other cardiac issues. These X-rays help diagnose abnormalities, assess heart size and function and guide treatment decisions. 

Infections: X-rays may be performed to identify signs of infections such as pneumonia, or other bacterial or viral illnesses. These X-rays can detect abnormalities in the lungs or other affected organs and help guide antibiotic therapy. 

Trauma or Injury: In cases of birth trauma, accidents, or other injuries, X-rays may be used to assess for fractures, head injuries, or other traumatic injuries that require medical intervention. 

Monitoring Devices: X-rays may also be performed to assess the placement and function of medical devices such as endotracheal tubes, central venous catheters, or nasogastric tubes. These X-rays ensure that the devices are properly positioned and functioning correctly to provide optimal patient care. 

While X-rays are generally safe, precautions are taken in the Neonatal unit to minimize radiation exposure to babies. Healthcare providers use lead shields to protect the baby's reproductive organs and other sensitive areas from radiation. 

The frequency of X-rays will vary depending on the baby's medical condition and treatment plan. While some babies may require frequent X-rays for ongoing monitoring, others may only need occasional imaging studies. 

Empowerment  

Parents are often encouraged to be involved in their baby's care, including discussions about the necessity and potential risks of X-rays. Healthcare providers explain the reasons for X-rays and address any concerns parents may have about radiation exposure. 

Overall, X-rays play a crucial role in the care and treatment of newborn babies in the NICU, helping healthcare providers make informed decisions to ensure the best possible outcomes for these vulnerable patients. 

Useful Links  

Raising Children  

https://raisingchildren.net.au/newborns/premature-babies-sick-babies/neonatal-intensive-care/nicu-what-to-expect 

The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne  

https://www.rch.org.au/kidsinfo/fact_sheets/X-ray/