Iron deficiency anaemia

Evidence 

https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8406795/ 

Jodie M Dodd, Marianna R Dare, Philippa Middleton  

Women with anaemia after childbirth may feel tired and breathless and are at risk of infection. Traditional treatments include iron supplementation and blood transfusion for severe anaemia. 

Education

Iron plays a vital role in producing haemoglobin, a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen throughout the body. During pregnancy and childbirth, iron stores are often used up.  Lack of iron can cause Iron-deficiency anaemia which means the red blood cells are not able to carry enough oxygen around the body leaving you tired and less able to fight off infections.  

If you were diagnosed with iron deficiency anaemia during pregnancy, your body may still have low iron storage after birth. The typical length for postpartum iron deficiency could last anywhere from six to 12 months after giving birth.  

This can lead to fatigue, weakness, and low energy, making the postpartum period more challenging.  

Symptoms of Postpartum Iron-Deficiency Anaemia 

The symptoms of iron-deficiency anaemia can be subtle, so it’s essential to recognise them and seek medical care. Common symptoms include: 

• Fatigue and exhaustion 

• Weakness and dizziness 

• Shortness of breath 

• Pale or sallow skin 

• Rapid heart rate or palpitations 

• Headaches 

If you experienced these symptoms during pregnancy, they may continue postpartum, or new symptoms may develop. It’s important to consult your healthcare provider to discuss testing and options for replenishing your iron levels. 

Diet plays a critical role in replenishing iron levels. Foods high in iron include: 

• Red meat (such as beef and lamb), poultry, and seafood 

• Legumes (such as lentils, beans, and chickpeas) 

• Leafy green vegetables (like spinach and kale) 

• Fortified cereals and grains 

• Nuts and seeds 

If you’re taking iron supplements, follow your healthcare provider’s guidance on dosage and timing to maximize absorption and minimize side effects. Some women find that taking iron with food or at different times of the day helps reduce nausea or digestive issues. Taking iron supplements on alternate days reduces side effects and is as effective as taking a daily dose. 

Empowerment 

Caring for a newborn, especially one in the neonatal unit, can be demanding, and it may feel like your own needs are secondary. Prioritising your health by addressing iron-deficiency anaemia will help you feel more energised and equipped to care for your baby.  

Focus on gradual improvement rather than immediate recovery. This could mean incorporating a new iron-rich food each week or adjusting your schedule to rest when possible 

Useful Links 

The Royal Australian College of General Practitioners 

https://www1.racgp.org.au/ajgp/2019/march/anaemia-in-pregnancy 

Pregnancy, Birth and Baby 

https://www.pregnancybirthbaby.org.au/anaemia-in-pregnancy 

The Royal Women’s Hospital, Victoria 

https://thewomens.r.worldssl.net/images/uploads/fact-sheets/Iron-in-pregnancy.pdf 

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